How does hearing healthy person prevent deafness
The prevention of deafness includes two aspects, one is the prevention of congenital deafness, and the other is the prevention of acquired deafness.
Congenital deafness
Congenital deafness is accompanied by deafness at birth. Maybe everyone doubts that since it is congenital, how can it be prevented? This has to talk about the source of congenital deafness. 60% of congenital deafness is due to genetic recessive inheritance, and 40% of congenital deafness is due to maternal factors during pregnancy.
Recessive genetics means that neither parent is deaf, but the child is born with deafness. It sounds incredible, but it does exist. Because both parents carry a deafness gene, a single gene does not develop on its own, but when combined, it will develop a disease, just like a child with a single eyelid born to a parent with double eyelids, which is a natural phenomenon that may occur. In fact, the carrying rate of deafness genes is very high. 12 out of every 100 people carry a gene defect that can cause hereditary deafness. So how can this problem be prevented? Current deafness gene screening can already detect most deafness genes. Therefore, genetic screening of spouses before pregnancy, or pregnancy amniotic fluid screening can help achieve eugenics. The prevention measures for congenital deafness caused by factors during pregnancy and delivery are mainly to strengthen the mother's care during pregnancy and to prevent viral infection of the mother and newborn. The medication during pregnancy must be professionally consulted and should not be taken casually.
Acquired deafness
Noise
Noise is ubiquitous, and the mechanism of damage to the inner ear is clear. Excessive noise (above 120 decibels) can cause deafness, that is, deafening deafness, and continuous exposure to larger noise ( 80-100 decibels), can also cause progressive deafness, that is, progressive deafness. Therefore, if there is such a noise in the living and working environment, it is necessary to take protective measures to isolate the noise, and ensure that no protective measures are taken every day for no more than 15 minutes in the sound of 100 decibels and more than 110 decibels. Do not exceed 1 minute in a noisy environment.
Ototoxic drugs
As the saying goes, the drug is three poisonous, and many drugs have side effects while treating the disease, and the ototoxic side effects of drugs are very common. Nearly a hundred kinds of ototoxic drugs are currently known, of which deafness is caused by aminoglycoside antibiotics. Common are streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin, sisomicin, netilmicin, tobramycin, noromycin, spectinomycin and so on. Therefore, clinical use of these drugs should be avoided as much as possible. Why avoid incorrect use instead of completely disabling it? Because in fact, not every user of these drugs will develop deafness. Drug-induced deafness is also controlled by genes. This gene is called mitochondrial 12srRNA. If this gene is abnormal, it will not tolerate ototoxic drugs and risk of drug-induced deafness It's very high. Therefore, if you have to use these ototoxic drugs because of disease, it is recommended to do genetic testing for drug-induced deafness to prevent the disease before it happens.
Systemic disease
Studies show that some systemic diseases can also cause direct and indirect damage to the inner ear, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, and long-term huge mental stress ... The reasons for this are well understood, our ears are not isolated from the human body The existence of other systems, especially the vital inner ear, must rely on a good blood supply to ensure its proper functioning. This is also one of the reasons why the deafness of the elderly is larger. The elderly must suffer more from these diseases than the young. Therefore, the prevention of deafness cannot be separated from the health care and disease prevention of the whole system.
Otitis media
Otitis media is not unfamiliar to many people. Many people have otitis media as a child. Generally, mild otitis media does not cause deafness. However, if measures are not taken in time, middle ear inflammation may cause abnormalities in the function and shape of the ossicular chain or invade the inner ear May cause deafness to varying degrees. Preventing otitis media mainly includes the following aspects: avoiding mechanical damage caused by improper digging of the ears, preventing colds, preventing and actively treating diseases of the nose and pharynx, such as tonsillitis, sinusitis, and proliferative adenitis.
Hearing is the ability to bring human language communication and music appreciation, and it is an important dimension to bring people happiness. Although we have it at birth without spending a penny, it costs a lot to find it after we lose it. . So let's cherish the protection of our hearing in the sound world.
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